Thermal resin degradationĮxtremely high or low temperatures can permanently compromise the effectiveness of IX resins. Over time, thermal degradation alters the resin’s molecular structure such that it is no longer able to bind with the functional groups of ions that are key to the IX reaction, resulting in compromised operational performance and shorter product life. Some resins are built to withstand these degenerative chemicals at certain levels (i.e., higher crosslinked cation resins in higher concentrations of chlorine), but in general, it is best to consult with your water treatment specialist and resin manufacturer regarding the maximum temperature and oxidizing agent exposure as certain combinations of chemicals and resins can result in potentially harmful byproducts, such as ammonia or nitrogen gas. Oftentimes, the resin manufacturer will have specific guidelines on which resins work best in certain environments. Common preventative measures for oxidation degradation include application of activated carbon filtration, ultraviolet irradiation, or chemical pretreatment through the application of a reducing agent. While oxidation damage to IX resins cannot be reversed, it can be prevented through various pretreatment measures. This compaction obstructs the flow of liquids through the resin bed, which can compromise the overall effectiveness of the IX unit, and lead to inconsistent effluent quality due to channeling in the resin bed. When present in a feed stream, oxidants degrade IX resin polymers, causing them to deform and compact over time.
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When oxidizing agents-such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide, chloramine, and ozone-come into contact with both cation and anion resins under certain conditions, they can damage the resins, leading to capacity loss and inhibited performance. These procedures vary widely depending on the type of resin being used as well as the purity of the feed water, etc., so be sure to consult your water treatment specialist to learn the proper steps to keeping your resins suitably maintained. Generally, the best way to avoid resin fouling is to ensure proper pretreatment removes the foulants before they can become an issue in addition to using appropriate cleaning, storage, and regeneration measures in the day-to-day operation of the ion exchange system to make sure no problematic foulants will accumulate over time. Preventative strategies for organic fouling include prechlorination and clarification, activated carbon filtration, applying a multistep IX with weak and strong base resins, and use of specialty IX resins. Organic fouling is both extremely common and can be difficult to correct, although using a brine squeeze on anion resin at elevated temperatures may be effective. Similarly, surfactants are typically used to clean oil from fouled resins, though it is necessary to use care in selecting a surfactant that will not itself foul the resin, and sometimes an aggressive backwash with air scour helps. In general, caustics are used to remove foulants from anion resins, while acids or strong reducing agents are used to remove foulants from cation resins. Once resins are fouled, it can be difficult and risky to clean them as some of the chemical agents and methods used in these processes can degrade the resins, making them unusable. suspended solids such as silica, iron, and manganese, these can be particles or colloidal.Some of the most common resin foulants include: Over time, it is natural to lose some percentage of operating ability (which varies widely depending on the type of resin and application), but if fouling is suspected, there can be several causes.
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When your ion exchange treatment system begins to require more rinsing, becomes more sensitive to temperature and flow rate variations, or exhibits a decrease in effluent quality and operating capacity at a quicker-than-anticipated rate, fouled resins could be to blame.
#Can you shoot crack resin how to
In this article, we generally discuss a list of some “common problems with ion exchange resins and how to avoid them,” ensuring your facility can keep one step ahead and remain as productive as possible. If they are properly maintained, resin beds can last years before requiring replacement, and for highly selective removal needs in process streams, ion exchange resins can prove ideal.ĭespite the many benefits of using ion exchange resins in the appropriate separation processes, challenging issues can arise.
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In these cases, the technology can be highly efficient with relatively low cost and energy requirements. Ion exchange resins are useful for many industrial water treatment and separation needs when utilized for suitable applications.